{"id":2638,"date":"2026-05-05T13:19:19","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T13:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/"},"modified":"2026-05-05T13:20:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T13:20:16","slug":"radial-load-vs-axial-load-matching-bearing-type-to-force-direction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/radial-load-vs-axial-load-matching-bearing-type-to-force-direction\/","title":{"rendered":"Radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vs. axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed: P\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed typu lo\u017eiska k sm\u011bru s\u00edly"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V jak\u00e9mkoli rota\u010dn\u00edm stroji s\u00edly z\u0159\u00eddka p\u016fsob\u00ed \u010dist\u011b v jednom sm\u011bru. Impeller \u010derpadla tla\u010d\u00ed kapalinu axi\u00e1ln\u011b, zat\u00edmco podporuje hmotnost h\u0159\u00eddele radi\u00e1ln\u011b; \u0161roubov\u00fd p\u0159evod generuje jak odd\u011blovac\u00ed, tak axi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edly; lo\u017eisko kola vozidla mus\u00ed absorbovat axi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edlu p\u0159i zat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed vedle hmotnosti podvozku. Pokud se tyto s\u00edly nespr\u00e1vn\u011b charakterizuj\u00ed - a nevybere se typ lo\u017eiska, kter\u00fd je kinematicky schopen je podporovat - vede to k nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu opot\u0159eben\u00ed, p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed a katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edmu selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek objas\u0148uje rozd\u00edl mezi radi\u00e1ln\u00edmi a axi\u00e1ln\u00edmi zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edmi a poskytuje systematickou metodu pro mapov\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011br\u016f sil na nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konfiguraci lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Custom-Non-Standard-Bearings-\u2013-OEM-Precision-Bearing-Solutions-for-Industrial-Applications-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Definov\u00e1n\u00ed radi\u00e1ln\u00edch a axi\u00e1ln\u00edch zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed (F<sub>r<\/sub>)<\/strong>\u00a0p\u016fsob\u00ed kolmo na st\u0159edovou osu h\u0159\u00eddele. M\u016f\u017ee poch\u00e1zet z hmotnosti h\u0159\u00eddele, nap\u011bt\u00ed \u0159emene, odd\u011blovac\u00edch sil p\u0159evodovky nebo nevyv\u00e1\u017eenosti. Radi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edly se sna\u017e\u00ed posunout h\u0159\u00eddel do strany.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed (F<sub>a<\/sub>)<\/strong>\u00a0, tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, p\u016fsob\u00ed rovnob\u011b\u017en\u011b se st\u0159edovou osou h\u0159\u00eddele. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zdroje pat\u0159\u00ed tah vrtule, s\u00edly \u0161roubov\u00e9ho p\u0159evodu, naklon\u011bn\u00e9 dopravn\u00edky a tlakov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v \u010derpadlech nebo turb\u00edn\u00e1ch. Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edly se sna\u017e\u00ed posunout h\u0159\u00eddel pod\u00e9l jej\u00ed osy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V praxi v\u011bt\u0161ina aplikac\u00ed kombinuje oba komponenty zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. In\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e1 anal\u00fdza mus\u00ed kvantifikovat nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty F<sub>r<\/sub> a F<sub>a<\/sub> b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho cyklu - v\u010detn\u011b start-stop, p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a p\u0159echodn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek - p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmkoli v\u00fdb\u011brem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Jak typy lo\u017eisek reaguj\u00ed na sm\u011bry zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska jsou navr\u017eena tak, aby p\u0159ij\u00edmala specifick\u00e9 sm\u011bry zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b geometrie sv\u00fdch dr\u00e1\u017eek a valiv\u00fdch prvk\u016f. V\u00fdb\u011br typu, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed kompatibiln\u00ed se zat\u011b\u017eovac\u00edm vektorem, je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed chybou, kterou nelze kompenzovat zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00edm velikosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Typ lo\u017eiska<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u010cist\u00e1 radi\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Axialn\u00ed nosnost (jednosm\u011brn\u00e1)<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Axialn\u00ed nosnost (ob\u011b sm\u011bry)<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Pozn\u00e1mky<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Hlubok\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko<\/td><td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e9<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e9 (ob\u011bma sm\u011bry)<\/td><td>Nejv\u00edce univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed volba; ax\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita se s velmi vysok\u00fdmi rychlostmi sni\u017euje.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Valcov\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko (design NU\/N)<\/td><td>Velmi vysok\u00e1<\/td><td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1<\/td><td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1<\/td><td>Nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edmat ax\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, pokud nen\u00ed vybaveno vodic\u00edmi okraji (designy NJ, NUP nab\u00edzej\u00ed omezenou jednosm\u011brnou ax\u00e1ln\u00ed polohu).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko s \u00fahlov\u00fdm kontaktem<\/td><td>Dobr\u00e9<\/td><td>Vysok\u00e9 (jednosm\u011brn\u00e9)<\/td><td>Pouze v p\u00e1rov\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010deln\u00ed, zp\u011btn\u00e9 nebo tandemov\u00e9).<\/td><td>Kontaktn\u00ed \u00fahel (15\u00b0, 25\u00b0, 40\u00b0) ur\u010duje pom\u011br ax\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacity.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko<\/td><td>Vysok\u00e9<\/td><td>Velmi vysok\u00e9 (jednosm\u011brn\u00e9)<\/td><td>P\u00e1ry pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro obousm\u011brn\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/td><td>Efektivn\u011b zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 kombinovan\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed; inherentn\u011b odd\u011bliteln\u00e9 pro snadnou mont\u00e1\u017e.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko s kulov\u00fdmi v\u00e1lci<\/td><td>Velmi vysok\u00e1<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e9 (oba sm\u011bry)<\/td><td>Ji\u017e obousm\u011brn\u00e9.<\/td><td>Tolerance na nesouosost je hlavn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko pro axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/td><td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1<\/td><td>Vysok\u00e9 (jednosm\u011brn\u00e9)<\/td><td>Obousm\u011brn\u00e9 s dvoj\u0159ad\u00fdm designem.<\/td><td>Navr\u017eeno v\u00fdhradn\u011b pro axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed; nesm\u00ed n\u00e9st radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 \/ kulov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko<\/td><td>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1<\/td><td>Extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e9 (jednosm\u011brn\u00e9)<\/td><td>\u2013<\/td><td>Pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 aplikace \u010dist\u00e9ho axi\u00e1ln\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, jako jsou extrudery nebo vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko s \u010dty\u0159bodov\u00fdm kontaktem<\/td><td>Omezen\u00e1 radi\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacita<\/td><td>Vysok\u00e9 (obousm\u011brn\u00e9)<\/td><td>Ji\u017e obousm\u011brn\u00e9.<\/td><td>\u0160et\u0159\u00ed m\u00edsto nahrazen\u00edm dvou lo\u017eisek s \u00fahlov\u00fdm kontaktem v n\u011bkter\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tabulka v\u00fd\u0161e tvo\u0159\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed filtra\u010dn\u00ed matici: typ lo\u017eiska mus\u00ed b\u00fdt fyzicky schopen zvl\u00e1dnout sm\u011bry zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 v aplikaci. A\u017e po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m projit\u00ed t\u00edmto filtrem by m\u011bly pokra\u010dovat v\u00fdpo\u010dty \u017eivotnosti a statick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Kombinovan\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a ekvivalentn\u00ed dynamick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed jak radi\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, dva komponenty se kombinuj\u00ed do jednoho&nbsp;<em>ekvivalentn\u00ed dynamick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/em>&nbsp;P, kter\u00e9 lze porovnat s katalogov\u00fdm dynamick\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm lo\u017eiska C. ISO 281 definuje obecn\u00fd vzorec pro radi\u00e1ln\u00ed lo\u017eiska:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P = X \u00b7 F<sub>r<\/sub> + Y \u00b7 F<sub>a<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faktory X (radi\u00e1ln\u00ed faktor) a Y (axi\u00e1ln\u00ed faktor) z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu lo\u017eiska a, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, na pom\u011bru F<sub>a<\/sub> \/ F<sub>r<\/sub>. Kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou vystaven\u00e9 mal\u00e9mu axi\u00e1ln\u00edmu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se bude chovat velmi odli\u0161n\u011b od stejn\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska pod dominantn\u00edm axi\u00e1ln\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm. Katalogy v\u00fdrobc\u016f poskytuj\u00ed podrobn\u00e9 tabulky specifikuj\u00edc\u00ed X a Y pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fahly kontaktu a t\u0159\u00eddy v\u016fl\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed filozofie v\u00fdb\u011bru je:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kdy\u017e je F<sub>a<\/sub> \/ F<sub>r<\/sub> mal\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0(dominantn\u011b radi\u00e1ln\u00ed), lo\u017eiska s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou nebo v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eiska jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b optim\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kdy\u017e je F<sub>a<\/sub> \/ F<sub>r<\/sub> m\u00edrn\u00e9 a\u017e vysok\u00e9<\/strong>, lo\u017eiska s \u00fahlov\u00fdm kontaktem nebo ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed nezbytn\u00fdmi pro efektivn\u00ed p\u0159enos axi\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kdy\u017e je F<sub>a<\/sub> \/ F<sub>r<\/sub> velmi velk\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0(t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dist\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed), mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zavedena specializovan\u00e1 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed lo\u017eiska a radi\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu mus\u00ed poskytovat samostatn\u00e9 radi\u00e1ln\u00ed lo\u017eisko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento pom\u011br definuje nejen typ lo\u017eiska, ale tak\u00e9 po\u017eadovan\u00fd \u00fahel kontaktu. Pro lo\u017eiska s \u00fahlov\u00fdm kontaktem m\u016f\u017ee 40\u00b0 \u00fahel kontaktu p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dvakr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ne\u017e 15\u00b0 lo\u017eisko stejn\u00e9 velikosti\u2014na \u00fakor ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rychlostn\u00ed schopnosti. Ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska inherentn\u011b nab\u00edzej\u00ed vysok\u00fd pom\u011br s\u00edly d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu ku\u017eelov\u00e9mu \u00fahlu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. P\u0159\u00edklady v\u00fdb\u011bru \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho aplikac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad A \u2013 Elektrick\u00fd motor (horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed, V-p\u00e1sov\u00fd pohon)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u00e1su vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed konzistentn\u00ed radi\u00e1ln\u00ed tah; rotor nen\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn proti axi\u00e1ln\u00edmu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Doporu\u010den\u00fd typ:<\/em>\u00a0Lo\u017eisko s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou na pohonn\u00e9 stran\u011b pro schopnost kombinovan\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed; v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko (NU) na nepohonn\u00e9 stran\u011b, aby umo\u017enilo tepelnou expanzi h\u0159\u00eddele p\u0159i p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9ho radi\u00e1ln\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad B \u2013 V\u00fdstupn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel \u0161nekov\u00e9ho p\u0159evodovky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0160nekov\u00fd pohon generuje obrovsk\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spolu s radi\u00e1ln\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm odd\u011bluj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159evod.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Doporu\u010den\u00fd typ:<\/em>\u00a0P\u00e1rov\u00e1 ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e1 v orientaci zp\u011bt k sob\u011b nebo \u010delem k sob\u011b, aby zvl\u00e1dla vysok\u00e1 kombinovan\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a poskytla tuh\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele. Alternativn\u011b, sf\u00e9rick\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed lo\u017eisko pro \u010distou axi\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st plus v\u00e1lcov\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko pro radi\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad C \u2013 Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010derpadlo s impelerem sm\u011brem dol\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vzestupn\u00fd hydraulick\u00fd tlak b\u011bhem spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, sestupn\u00fd tlak b\u011bhem stabiln\u00edho provozu; minim\u00e1ln\u00ed radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Doporu\u010den\u00fd typ:<\/em>\u00a0P\u00e1rov\u00e9 \u00fahlov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eiska (\u010dasto s kontaktn\u00edm \u00fahlem 40\u00b0) namontovan\u00e9 tak, aby p\u0159ij\u00edmaly obousm\u011brn\u00fd tlak, podporovan\u00e9 hlubok\u00fdm dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm kuli\u010dkov\u00fdm lo\u017eiskem naho\u0159e pro radi\u00e1ln\u00ed stabilitu. U v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u010derpadel se preferuje dvousm\u011brn\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko nebo sf\u00e9rick\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad D \u2013 Kolo voz\u00edku nadzemn\u00edho dopravn\u00edku<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u010cist\u00e9 radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z hmotnosti; bo\u010dn\u00ed vodic\u00ed s\u00edly jsou minim\u00e1ln\u00ed a p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Doporu\u010den\u00fd typ:<\/em>\u00a0Hlubok\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko s v\u016fl\u00ed C3 a kontaktn\u00edmi t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00edmi pro p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed m\u00edrn\u00fdm deformac\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddele a prevenci vnik\u00e1n\u00ed kontaminace. V\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee po\u017eadavky na radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed statickou kapacitu kuli\u010dkov\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u00favahy pro sm\u011br zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Obousm\u011brn\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ijato pouze jedn\u00edm typem lo\u017eiska, pokud to konstrukce lo\u017eiska umo\u017e\u0148uje (nap\u0159. hlubok\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko, dvou\u0159ad\u00e9 \u00fahlov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko, lo\u017eisko s \u010dty\u0159mi kontaktn\u00edmi body, sf\u00e9rick\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko). Jinak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dv\u011b jednosm\u011brn\u00e1 lo\u017eiska sp\u00e1rov\u00e1na s p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00edm, aby se eliminovala vnit\u0159n\u00ed v\u016fle a zabr\u00e1nilo se klouz\u00e1n\u00ed kuli\u010dek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Momentov\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 vy\u010dn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi silami vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed a radi\u00e1ln\u00ed rozlo\u017een\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d sadou lo\u017eisek. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vzd\u00e1lenost mezi dv\u011bma lo\u017eisky (rozte\u010d) a jejich nosnosti vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny spole\u010dn\u011b \u2013 jedin\u00e9 nadm\u011brn\u00e9 lo\u017eisko z\u0159\u00eddka \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m momentu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rychlost a maz\u00e1n\u00ed interaguj\u00ed s v\u00fdb\u011brem zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/strong>\u00a0Vysok\u00e1 rychlost m\u016f\u017ee vylou\u010dit ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska kv\u016fli odst\u0159ediv\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm na sadu v\u00e1le\u010dk\u016f. \u00dahlov\u00e1 kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska nebo hybridn\u00ed keramick\u00e1 hlubok\u00e1 dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1 kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska mohou b\u00fdt pak jedin\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi, i kdy\u017e surov\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed favorizuj\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Krokov\u00fd kontroln\u00ed seznam pro slad\u011bn\u00ed typu lo\u017eiska se sm\u011brem zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Identifikujte v\u0161echny s\u00edlov\u00e9 vektory<\/strong>\u00a0p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na h\u0159\u00eddel b\u011bhem norm\u00e1ln\u00edho provozu, spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, vypnut\u00ed a p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Odd\u011blte s\u00edly na radi\u00e1ln\u00ed a axi\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eky<\/strong>, a vypo\u010d\u00edtejte maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed F<sub>r<\/sub> a F<sub>a<\/sub> pro ka\u017edou provozn\u00ed f\u00e1zi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ur\u010dete dominantn\u00ed re\u017eim zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed:<\/strong>\u00a0\u010dist\u011b radi\u00e1ln\u00ed, \u010dist\u011b axi\u00e1ln\u00ed, kombinovan\u00e9 radi\u00e1ln\u011b-axi\u00e1ln\u00ed, nebo kombinovan\u00e9 se zna\u010dn\u00fdm momentem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Filtrujte typy lo\u017eisek<\/strong>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00edm tabulky schopnost\u00ed (odd\u00edl 2); eliminujte jak\u00fdkoli typ, kter\u00fd nem\u016f\u017ee fyzicky vyhov\u011bt axi\u00e1ln\u00edm nebo radi\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vypo\u010d\u00edtejte ekvivalentn\u00ed dynamick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed P<\/strong>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch faktor\u016f X a Y, v\u00fdb\u011brem velikosti lo\u017eiska na z\u00e1klad\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti L<sub>10<\/sub>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ov\u011b\u0159te statickou bezpe\u010dnost<\/strong>\u00a0pro vrcholov\u00e9 \u0161okov\u00e9 nebo statick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pomoc\u00ed statick\u00e9ho ekvivalentn\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed P<sub>0<\/sub> a statick\u00e9ho zat\u011b\u017eovac\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed C<sub>0<\/sub>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159ezkoumejte sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed faktory:<\/strong>\u00a0rychlost, teplota, maz\u00e1n\u00ed, nesouosost a ulo\u017een\u00ed. Upravte t\u0159\u00eddu v\u016fle nebo zm\u011b\u0148te typ, pokud je to nutn\u00e9 \u2013 nap\u0159. nahrazen\u00edm sf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho v\u00e1le\u010dkov\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska, pokud nelze zaru\u010dit zarovn\u00e1n\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Radi\u00e1ln\u00ed a axi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nejsou zam\u011bniteln\u00e9 hodnoty; ur\u010duj\u00ed velmi typ lo\u017eiska, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit. P\u0159ehl\u00e9dnut\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eky vede k selh\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu tlakem v lo\u017eisc\u00edch navr\u017een\u00fdch pouze pro radi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edly, zat\u00edmco pou\u017eit\u00ed lo\u017eiska s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou tam, kde je pot\u0159eba ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko, vede k zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti a \u0161patn\u00e9 tuhosti. P\u0159esn\u00fdm slad\u011bn\u00edm sm\u011bru zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a pom\u011bru sil F<sub>a<\/sub> \/ F<sub>r<\/sub> s kinematickou architekturou lo\u017eiska vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i robustn\u00ed rota\u010dn\u00ed sestavy, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed jak v\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed, tak trvanlivostn\u00ed c\u00edle.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In any rotating machinery, forces rarely act purely in one direction. A pump impeller pushes fluid axially while supporting the shaft weight radially; a helical gear transmission generates both separating and thrust forces; a vehicle wheel bearing must absorb cornering thrust alongside the weight of the chassis. Failing to correctly characterise these forces\u2014and to select [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[297,300,285,293,292,288,298,296,294,299,287,291,295],"class_list":["post-2638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bearing-selection-guide","tag-angular-contact-ball-bearing","tag-application-examples","tag-bearing-types","tag-cylindrical-roller-bearing","tag-deep-groove-ball-bearing","tag-dynamic-load-rating","tag-engineering-guide","tag-iso-281","tag-load-capacity","tag-shaft-load-analysis","tag-static-load-rating","tag-tapered-roller-bearing","tag-thrust-bearing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2638"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2641,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2638\/revisions\/2641"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.machinerybearings.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}